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Music and Time

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To an issue of formation of the Russian opera school (from history of the St. Petersburg conservatory: from a class of opera exercises to Opera studio)
N.B. Seliverstova

This article is devoted to the dramatic history of the formation of the Opera class of the St. Petersburg Conservatory, which reflected the divergent views on the problems of the Russian conservative education, only forming its principles in the second half of the XIX century. Having stood in the struggle for existence, the class of Opera exercises at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries was able to solve many complex problems of complex education of Opera singers. But for the Russian Opera school to take place, it had to develop its own criteria of artistic truth in Opera. The most important role in this process was played by outstanding figures of the St. Petersburg musical theater – Joseph Palechek and Ivan Ershov, who devoted themselves to pedagogy, leading the class of Opera and stage training ("Opera exercises") at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. Having a huge musical and stage experience, Palechek managed to organize the work of the Opera class so that young vocalists in the process of training not only mastered the extensive Opera repertoire of different eras and styles, but also learned to think in musical images, solving specific artistic problems facing Opera artists. His great merit in improving the culture of the Opera performance, thanks to the careful development of choral mise-EN-scenes. Inheriting the case of Palecek, Ivan Yershov brought in Conservatory classes brightness and the magnitude of his artistic experience. He activated the imaginative thinking of young vocalists, educating them in a special culture of hearing and poetic perception of music. He worked for them ritmoplastika the score of the play matching the tempo of music to achieve specific expressive plastics and gesture, peculiar to this musical character. As a result of the activities of Palechek and Ershov, the Opera class became a "forge" of fresh theatrical ideas and a school of skill for singers-actors of the new time.
Keywords: St. Petersburg Conservatory, Anton Rubinstein, class of Opera exercises, Mariinsky theatre, Joseph Palechek, Ivan Ershov.

Contacts: E-mail: selinate@mail.ru

Pp. 03-08.

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