Music and Time Annotation << Back Domestic Music of the Beginning of the XX Century: Positive Alternatives A.I. Demchenko Music of Russia in the early XX century in contrast to the influx of different kinds of negative trends was actively put forward positive alternatives-contrtendenti. A significant role in this process was played by the last representatives of classical music (first of all S. Taneyev, S. Rachmaninoff and N. Metner) and those who adhered to in his creativity besetting traditions (for example, N. Myaskovsky). In the center of their creativity of this time was put the figure of a man who went from the past to the future and sought to support in themselves and the surrounding life is viable, which had the right to continue to exist. At the same time, while retaining the indigenous foundations, there was an inevitable renewal associated with the desire to understand the changing order of things and, as far as possible, to get closer to it, finding acceptable compromises. Tangible opposition to negative factors was also observed in the structure of the new world that was formed at that time, on the part of constructive and positive aspirations of the present. Certain possibilities of humanistic support provided modernity and artistic experience of the distant past, and gradually it became more attractive for composers of the XX century, resulting in one of the most representative trends – neoclassicism. At the initial stage of its formation, much happened to be done by the late P. Tchaikovsky, who should be recognized as a pioneer of this trend in Russian music. From his immediate followers in the first place should be named I. Stravinsky and S. Prokofiev. Keywords: music of Russia of the beginning of XX century, positive alternatives, neoclassicism. Contacts: E-mail: alexdem43@mail.ru Pp. 11-17.