Music and Time Annotation << Back About Updating the Basics of Systematization Russian Folk Instruments M.I. Imkhanitskii The article substantiates the expediency of changing the principles of classification of Russian folk instruments. In contrast to the traditional, established for almost a century and a half systematization of musical instruments on the primacy of the sound source, it is proposed equal importance in the classification of musical instruments and the source of sound, and the principle of its extraction. The article also presents the classification of folk instruments in accordance with their original signal and leisure nature, substantiates the reasons for the use in the Russian orchestra as typical only leisure instruments. Keywords: classifi cation of instruments, classifi cation according to the sound source, classifi cation according to the method of sound production, akzentrot and softness of tone, musical instruments initially signal of leisure and nature. Contacts: E-mail: mikhimkh@yandex.ru Pp. 30-35.