Music and Time Annotation << Back About the Essenceof Folk Instrumentin the Academic Musical Art M.I. Imkhanitskii The article deals with the essence of one of the most commonly used in music phrases «academic musical art», the conceptual definition which however until today have not received proper scientific understanding. Especially important was the comparison of this concept with the concept of «folk music», identifying the fundamental differences in the functioning of academic art and folklore, to determine the originality of academic performing art on folk instruments. Traces the appearance of support on chromatic tempered as the most important feature of the existence of academic art since the seventeenth century, established their musical genres, forms, specific composers` styles. Important is the crystallization of special creative units for interpretation the idea of the composer to public performer. The article identifies criteria, distinguish the essence of academicism in the performing arts – a high artistic taste, deep principled approach in choice of repertoire and its interpretation, technical skill, meaning in compliance with these criteria, the ability to freely to realize any significant and high creative idea. Keywords: academic music art, folklore, chromatic temperation, folk instruments, criteria for performing academic, musical notation. Contacts: E-mail: mikhimkh@yandex.ru Pp. 10-14.